Rotate Image in Java

Given a square matrix of integers matrix, with n rows and n columns, rotate it by 90 degrees clockwise: a quarter turn to the right, as you would turn a picture.

A matrix is an array of rows, and each row is an array of integers. Rows are numbered from 0, top to bottom, and columns from 0, left to right.

Rotate the matrix in place: move the numbers inside matrix itself, without building a second matrix. The function returns nothing; the output in the examples is matrix after the call.

Example 1:

Input: matrix = [
  [1, 2, 3],
  [4, 5, 6],
  [7, 8, 9]
]
Output: [
  [7, 4, 1],
  [8, 5, 2],
  [9, 6, 3]
]
Explanation: The left column, read from the bottom up (7, 4, 1), becomes the top row, and the top row (1, 2, 3) becomes the right column.

Example 2:

Input: matrix = [
  [5, 1, 9, 11],
  [2, 4, 8, 10],
  [13, 3, 6, 7],
  [15, 14, 12, 16]
]
Output: [
  [15, 13, 2, 5],
  [14, 3, 4, 1],
  [12, 6, 8, 9],
  [16, 7, 10, 11]
]
Explanation: Every number moves a quarter turn around the center. The corners show it best: 5 goes to the top-right corner, 11 to the bottom-right, 16 to the bottom-left and 15 to the top-left.

Example 3:

Input: matrix = [
  [1, 2],
  [3, 4]
]
Output: [
  [3, 1],
  [4, 2]
]
Explanation: Each number moves one corner clockwise: 1 to the top-right, 2 to the bottom-right, 4 to the bottom-left and 3 to the top-left.

Constraints:

• matrix has n rows and every row has n values, with 1 <= n <= 500.
• Every value is an integer between -1000 and 1000; values can be negative and can repeat.